Zu Beginn seiner Abhandlung »Über das einsame Leben« (De vita solitaria) schreibt Francesco Petrarca 1346: »Niemand schafft es, lange unter Wasser zu leben. Es ist unausweichlich, dass er auftaucht und das Antlitz, das er verbarg, offen zeigt.« René Descartes dagegen, in seinen Cogitationes privatae, notiert dreihundert Jahre später: »Wie die Komödianten […] Masken anziehen, so schreite ich, der ich am Schauspiel dieser Welt […] teilzunehmen gedenke, mit einer Maske bedeckt voran.« – Einmal die offene, einmal die verdeckte Konfrontation: bei Petrarca ein Ich, das sich schrittweise erst aus dem mittelalterlich-scholastischen Gefüge herauswindet; bei Descartes ein selbstbewusstes, aber skeptisches Subjekt, das sich angesichts der Erfahrungen der Inquisition lieber verdeckt auf die Bühne des Theatrum mundi begibt.

Zwischen diesen beiden Selbstentwürfen liegt eine komplexe geistesgeschichtliche Entwicklung, der Thomas Leinkauf in seiner großangelegten, materialreichen Studie zur Philosophie des Humanismus und der Renaissance zwischen 1350 und etwa 1600 detailliert nachgeht. Auf allerhöchstem Niveau, dabei die historischen Grundbedingungen wie die rasante Wissensentwicklung und Weltexploration, Protestantismus und Konfessionalisierung, aber auch Faktoren wie die Ausbreitung der Pest und die Rivalität zum kirchlich-scholastischen Denken im Blick behaltend, beschreibt das Werk die faszinierende, komplizierte, von gegensätzlichen Kräften und Denkschulen vorangetriebene Entwicklung hin zum modernen Denken.

Eine Einleitung, ausführliche Register und eine Bibliographie erschließen das Werk.

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«Philosophie des Humanismus und der Renaissance (1350–1600)», Thomas Leinkauf benzeri kitaplar