No había todavía alguien semejante a él, como ayuda para su vida; justamente en ese momento sucedió este grandísimo prodigio del Logos sapiente: con su mano poderosa y vivificante, dividió en dos al hombre que había creado como espectador de su universo, mi raíz y semilla de la multiplicidad de la vida y tomó una sola costilla de su costado, dando forma así a la mujer y, mezclando en sus corazones el amor, les concedió a ambos el sentirse atraídos uno por el otro. (Gregorio Nacianceno, Poema I,2,1)

Con estas palabras se refiere Gregorio Nacianceno a la diferenciación hombre-mujer y con estas palabras se introduce esta obra, que presenta una investigación orientada a iluminar la problemática contemporánea sobre la diferencia sexual. Los Padres Capadocios tuvieron una rica experiencia familiar marcada por una importante presencia femenina que influyó en su reflexión teológica. Precisamente, el desarrollo de la temática inicia con la exposición de la relación que los Capadocios tuvieron con mujeres, dentro y fuera de sus familias, según consta en sus escritos. A continuación, se exploran en los tres autores las reflexiones antropológicas que están en relación con el tema de la diferencia sexual y, por último, se indaga por temas espirituales que pueden ofrecer luces para el mismo tema.

Aunque estos padres no tratan de manera directa en sus obras sobre la diferencia sexual, su rica relación con mujeres influyó en sus reflexiones teológicas y espirituales permitiéndoles aportar luces que la antropología teológica puede aprovechar para repensar hoy esa diferencia.

En efecto, los Capadocios consideran que la diferencia sexual no está ligada a la imagen de Dios, sin embargo, le otorgan un lugar importante en la constitución del ser humano, en su carácter de méthorios, mediador entre el mundo material y el mundo inmaterial. Además, la masculinidad y la feminidad son para ellos una metáfora espiritual y consideran que la plenitud de la vida cristiana está abierta por igual a hombres y mujeres. En síntesis, la vida cristiana y la reflexión teológica de los Capadocios contribuyen, con sus particularidades desde la antigüedad, a la tarea que impende hoy sobre la antropología teológica de pensar la diferencia sexual.

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«Un grandísimo prodigio del Logos Sapiente», Ana Cristina Villa Betancourt benzeri kitaplar