¿De dónde provienen las ideas? Según Platón, de otro mundo perfecto; Aristóteles, a su manera, cree otro tanto; para el cristianismo, estas surgen de la revelación divina; según los renacentistas, se generan a través de un «corazón» puro con el que se puede observar la naturaleza sin prejuicios; para los ilustrados, son lo que queda después de abandonar supersticiones varias. El mundo decimonónico, sin embargo, comienza a percibirlas como pensamientos contaminados siempre de clasismo o ideología -Marx, Weber-, o de complejos personales enterrados en el subconsciente -Schopenhauer, Freud-. Ahora bien, es la interpretación darwinista la que cobra más fuerza hoy en día: las ideas prosperan si ayudan a la supervivencia.

Según el autor, este discurso que busca su justificación en la biología actual yace en realidad sobre una plataforma metafísica, la cual sustenta la retórica del conocimiento de un modo estético. Ornamentamos el mundo cognitivamente para estar cómodos en él y potenciar la propia supervivencia. Las ideas se defienden desde una plataforma metafísica que es en realidad estética.

Esta obra póstuma cierra la tetralogía Los caminos profundos de la biología. En Razón biológica el autor se centra en la epistemología; en Nihilismo y supervivencia, en la ética; en La darwinización del mundo, en la política, y, en el presente texto, en la estética.

Castrodeza es uno de los filósofos de la biología más importantes en el ámbito hispano. Su obra, heredera y, al mismo tiempo, crítica con el nuevo darwinismo, se relaciona con la etología de Konrad Lorenz, la psicología evolucionista de Steven Pinker o la biología de Richard Dawkins, al tiempo que confronta el darwinismo con autores como Heidegger o Derrida. La originalidad y radicalidad de su obra lo convierten en una auténtica referencia

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«El flujo de la historia y el sentido de la vida», Carlos Castrodeza Ruíz de la Cuesta benzeri kitaplar