Kitabı oku: «National Geographic Kids Chapters: Living With Wolves!: True Stories of Adventures With Animals»

These wolves join together for a group howl.

A wolf crouches low in a meadow to avoid being spotted.

I was 16 years old when I first looked into the golden eyes of a gray wolf. I was working as a cowboy on a ranch in Wyoming. I was rounding up a herd of horses just as the sun was coming up. Suddenly, the horses became jittery. They pawed the ground. I felt a prickle on the back of my neck. And that’s when I saw him. He was standing across the meadow, watching me.

Did You Know?

All dogs are descended from wolves. That means the giant Irish wolfhound and the tiny Chihuahua are related to wolves—and to each other!

I sat atop my horse, watching him. Slowly we circled each other. He seemed curious.

I was curious, too. We stared at each other for minutes. Then the wolf turned and trotted off.

My name is Jim Dutcher. I’ve always been interested in how animals live. That’s why I make films about wild animals. I’ve made movies about sea turtles, beavers, and cougars. After I finished the film about cougars, I needed a new idea. I decided to go back to that ranch in Wyoming.

I scrambled up a rocky mountain and looked around. Just like before, I felt like something, or someone, was watching me. I looked down to the rocky ledge (sounds like LEHJ) below me. Sure enough, a wolf was standing there. Like the wolf I had seen long ago, he stared at me. And I stared back. Then he disappeared.

This has to be a sign, I thought. My next movie should be about wolves.

Before I could start filming, I had to do my homework. I needed to learn about wolves. I read books and spoke to experts. I learned that the adult male gray wolf weighs between 70 and 130 pounds (32–59 kg). I was surprised to find out that wild wolves only live for about five years. But the most important thing I discovered is that wolves are social (sounds like SOH-shul) animals. They live in packs. Packs are a lot like human families. That gave me an idea. I would film the day-to-day life of a pack.

Wolves in fairy tales are mean and scary. In “Little Red Riding Hood,” the wolf eats Grandma. Then he tries to trick Little Red Riding Hood so he can eat her, too! Wolves are smart. But they rarely attack people. Bears and cougars are more dangerous to people, but even they rarely attack without cause. In the past 100 years, only two people were possibly killed by wolves in North America. And those stories about people turning into wolves? They’re just made up. There are no such things as werewolves!

But wolves usually hide from people. They like their privacy. And they like to roam. Wolves walk at a rate of about 5 miles an hour (8 km/h). But when they are chasing prey, they can run 35 miles an hour (56 km/h) or faster. They can cover a lot of distance in a day—sometimes 50 miles (80 km)! To make a good film about these shy animals, I’d need a special plan.

Other people had studied wolves in small areas—less than 3 acres (1.2 ha). That was too small. It wouldn’t give the wolves enough privacy and room to roam. I wanted the animals to be themselves so that I could see what their lives were really like. To do that, I figured I needed at least 25 acres (10.1 ha). That’s about the size of 15 soccer fields! And I had to find just the right spot, too. It took me almost a year of searching to find it. One day, I stood in a meadow in Idaho. I looked around in all directions. I saw forests, a stream, and the snow-covered mountains of the Sawtooth Range.

“This is perfect,” I whispered. The land was part of a national forest. The U.S. government said I could use it for my project. I gathered a three-person crew. We built a tall fence around the area. It took a lot of work to fence in such a big area.

Building a wolf territory was only part of my plan. To see how the wolves lived, I had to live with the wolves. My crew and I put up several tents, including a special tent called a yurt (sounds like YERT). A yurt is a round tent. It has a roof shaped like an upside-down ice-cream cone to help snow slide off. That would be handy in the winter.

Electricity would have been handy, too. But this was the wilderness. We would have to use candles and a wood stove. We had no running water. And we had no bathroom. We had to build an old-fashioned outhouse. Finally, with wolves living all around us, we’d need to fence in the tents so the wolves wouldn’t steal our gear at night.

All that was missing now was the wolves. How would I find them? The last time wolves were seen in the Sawtooth mountains was 50 years ago.

“I’ll have to start my own pack,” I said to my crew. “Let’s call it the Sawtooth Pack.” I hoped that if I raised the wolves from pups, they would trust me. Then I would be able to photograph them up close. But I knew that if they trusted me, they would never be able to live in the wild. People hunt wolves. And ranchers sometimes kill wolves to protect their livestock. That’s why wolves hide. I would have to plan for that later.

Did You Know?

The wolverine is NOT a wolf. It looks like a bear, but it’s the largest member of the weasel family. Oh, and it’s also a comic book superhero!

Finding wolf pups isn’t easy. I scoured wolf research centers and eventually found four pups. They were all newborns. Two were brothers, and they looked alike. I named them Kamots (sounds like ka-MAHTS) and Lakota (sounds like la-KOH-tah). Kamots means “freedom” in the Blackfoot Indian language. Lakota means “friend” in Lakota-Sioux.

The other two were females. One was very dark. I named her Motaki (sounds like moh-TAH-key). That means “shadow” in Blackfoot. The other one made a lot of noise. I called her Aipuyi (sounds like eye-POO-ee), which means “one who speaks a lot.”

I knew that they were too young to live alone in the camp. I made them a small pen in the yurt. I thought I could live my normal life while I was taking care of them. Boy, was I wrong! They had to be fed every four to six hours. They guzzled formula from bottles. I called in my family and crew. Together, we fed the wiggly pups. With all that eating, the pups grew quickly. Within a month or two, they weighed 20 pounds (9 kg)! They were curious about everything. But one pup was more curious than the others.