Das Denken stößt immer wieder auf Figuren prinzipieller Unabschließbarkeit, etwa den infiniten Regress oder den Zirkel. Sie alle sind so faszinierend wie beunruhigend. So bleibt die Frage nach dem Grund des Grundes stets legitim, und doch will man den infiniten Regress möglichst umgehen. Ebenso gilt es, sich zwar von circuli vitiosi fernzuhalten, doch bleibt einem beim hermeneutischen Zirkel kaum mehr übrig, als anzuerkennen, dass man sich schon immer in ihm befindet.

Liegt das Unbehagen darin begründet, dass das Denken in eine Dynamik gerät, die es nicht kontrollieren kann? Oder wird hier klar, dass weder Begründen noch Verstehen auf eine stabile Basis zurückgeführt werden können? Ist auch deshalb der infinite Regress beunruhigender als der infinite Progress? Für viele Bereiche lässt sich fragen, welche Gründe wir haben, Denkfiguren der Unabschließbarkeit zu meiden, und welche argumentativen, logischen, definitorischen sowie epistemischen Mittel wir besitzen, um Regresse stillzustellen und Zirkeln zu entgehen. Was leistet es, auf die Evidenz des Gegebenen zu setzen, axiomatische Setzungen vorzunehmen oder das Weiterfragen dogmatisch zu verbieten? Darf man auf apriorische, diskursive oder programmierte Letztbegründung hoffen, oder soll man darauf setzen, dass es die Lebenswelt ist, die jene Endlosschleife terminiert?

Mit Beiträgen von Emil Angehrn, Harald Atmanspacher, Stefan Berg, Günter Figal, Thomas Filk, Rico Gutschmidt, Anton Friedrich Koch, Birgit Recki, Hartmut von Sass, Simon Springmann und Holm Tetens

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«Regress und Zirkel», Stefan Berg benzeri kitaplar