Constitución de Apatzingán de 1814

(22 de octubre de 1814)

DECRETO CONSTITUCIONAL PARA LA LIBERTAD DE LA AMÉRICA MEXICANA, SANCIONADO EN APATZINGÁN A 22 DE OCTUBRE DE 1814

El Supremo Congreso Mexicano deseoso de llenar las heroicas miras de la Nación, elevadas nada menos que al sublime objeto de sustraerse para siempre de la dominación extranjera, y substituir al despotismo de la monarquía de España un sistema de administración que reintegrando a la Nación misma en el goce de sus augustos imprescriptibles derechos, la conduzca a la gloria de la independencia, y afiance sólidamente la prosperidad de los ciudadanos, decreta la siguiente forma de gobierno, sancionando ante todas cosas los principios tan sencillos como luminosos en que pueden solamente cimentarse una constitución justa y saludable.

I. Principios o elementos constitucionales

Capítulo I. De la religión

Artículo 1.° La religión católica apostólica romana es la única que se debe profesar en el Estado.

Capítulo II. De la soberanía

Artículo 2.° La facultad de dictar leyes y de establecer la forma de gobierno que más convenga a los intereses de la sociedad, constituye la soberanía.

Artículo 3.° Ésta es por su naturaleza imprescriptible, inajenable, e indivisible.

Artículo 4.° Como el gobierno no se instituye para honra o interés particular de ninguna familia, de ningún hombre ni clase de hombres; sino para la protección y seguridad general de todos los ciudadanos, unidos voluntariamente en sociedad, éstos tienen derecho incontestable a establecer el gobierno que más les convenga, alterarlo, modificarlo, y abolirlo totalmente, cuando su felicidad lo requiera.

Artículo 5.° Por consiguiente la soberanía reside originariamente en el pueblo, y su ejercicio en la representación nacional compuesta de diputados elegidos por los ciudadanos bajo la forma que prescriba la constitución.

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