Von Lenin bis Putin

Der russische Geheimdienst KGB – ihn umgeben bis heute Rätsel, Geheimnisse, Mythen. Vor rund 100 Jahren wurde seine Vorgänger-Organisation – die Tscheka – gegründet. 1917 gründet Lenin die Geheimpolizei Tscheka, unter dem «eisernen» Feliks Dserschinski, mit dem Auftrag: Terror und «Säuberungen». Stalins Geheimdienstchef Jeschow lässt im industriellen Maßstab töten und Hunderttausende im Gulag verschwinden. Der berüchtigte Lawrenti Berija warnt Stalin vergeblich …Die Tscheka beginnt bereits in den 1920ern, andere Nationen auszuspionieren. Ihr größter Coup: Spione in der US-amerikanischen Kernwaffenforschung. So kann die UdSSR bereits 1949 zum ersten Mal selbst eine Atomwaffe zünden. In der Zeit von 1936 bis 1938 werden zwischen zehn und 20 Millionen Bürger in Scheinprozessen verurteilt und bei Massen-Exekutionen hingerichtet. Verantwortlich dafür ist Lawrentij Berija, der Chef der Tscheka. Unter seiner Leitung gelingt schließlich sogar der Diebstahl von wertvollen Informationen aus dem Manhattan-Projekt der Vereinigten Staaten. Spione übermitteln der UdSSR den Schlüssel für den Bau einer eigenen Atombombe. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wird 1954 der Geheimdienst KGB als eigenständiges Ministerium gegründet. Seine Methoden: Auftragsmorde, Putsche, Diebstahl und Spionage.

Durch Lawrenti Berijas NKWD erlangen die Sowjets schon 1949 eigene Atomwaffen und den Status der Supermacht. Als Stalin 1953 stirbt, wird Berija von Nikita Chruschtschow verhaftet. Der Geheimdienst wird umbenannt in KGB. Unter Juri Andropow werden Oppositionelle in der Psychiatrie drangsaliert …Der Einfluss des KGB (zuvor Tscheka) nimmt nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg enorm zu. In Moskau gibt es zwei Machtzentren: den Kreml und die Sicherheitszentrale Lubjanka. Tscheka, MGB, KGB, FSB und SWR – Russlands Geheimdienste hatten zahlreiche Namen.

Putins Karriere beginnt als Offizier des KGB. In Moskau wird er später Direktor des Inlandsgeheimdienstes FSB und enger Vertrauter von Boris Jelzin, der ihn zu seinem Nachfolger ernennt. Das russische Volk wünscht sich als Präsident eine Art James Bond.

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«Geheimdienst in Russland», Walter Brendel benzeri kitaplar