Kitabı oku: «Latin Phrase-Book», sayfa 9

2. Joy – Pain

afficere aliquem gaudio, laetitia– to give pleasure to some one.

afferre alicui laetitiam– to give pleasure to some one.

laetitiam capere or percipere ex aliqua re– to take pleasure in a thing.

delectari aliqua re– to take pleasure in a thing.

in sinu gaudere (Tusc. 3. 21. 51) – to rejoice in secret.

gaudio perfundi ¹⁷⁸– to be filled with delight.

cumulum gaudii alicui afferre (vid. sect. V. 6) (Fam. 16. 21. 1) – to add the crowning point to a person's joy.

gaudio, laetitia exsultare– to utter cries of joy.

laetitia gestire (Tusc. 4. 6. 13) – to be transported with joy.

effusa ¹⁷⁹ laetitia– a transport of joy.

laetitia gestiens– a transport of joy.

gaudio, laetitia efferri– to be beside oneself with joy.

animum alicuius ad laetitiam excitare– to put a man in a pleasurable frame of mind.

nimio gaudio paene desipere– to almost lose one's reason from excess of joy.

doleo aliquid, aliqua re, de and ex aliqua re– I am pained, vexed, sorry.

aegre, graviter, moleste fero aliquid (or with Acc. c. Inf. or quod) – I am pained, vexed, sorry.

tuam vicem ¹⁸⁰ doleo– I am sorry for you.

dolore affici– to feel pain.

dolorem capere (percipere) ex aliqua re– to be vexed about a thing.

doloribus premi, angi, ardere, cruciari, distineri et divelli– to feel acute pain.

dolorem alicui facere, afferre, commovere– to cause a person pain.

acerbum dolorem alicui inurere– to cause any one very acute pain.

acer morsus doloris est (Tusc. 2. 22. 53) – the pain is very severe.

dolorem in lacrimas effundere– to find relief in tears.

dolori indulgere– to give way to grief.

dolor infixus animo haeret (Phil. 2. 26) – grief has struck deep into his soul.

dolore confici, tabescere– to be wasted with grief; to die of grief.

dolores remittunt, relaxant– the pain grows less.

dolori resistere– to struggle against grief.

callum obducere ¹⁸¹ dolori (Tusc. 2. 15. 36) – to render insensible to pain.

animus meus ad dolorem obduruit (Fam. 2. 16. 1) – I have become callous to all pain.

dolorem abicere, deponere, depellere– to banish grief.

dolorem alicui eripere (Att. 9. 6. 4) – to free a person from his pain.

cum magno meo dolore– to my sorrow.

3. Vexation – Care – Equanimity – Contentment – Affliction

in aegritudine, sollicitudine esse– to be vexed, mortified, anxious.

aegritudine, sollicitudine affici– to be vexed, mortified, anxious.

sollicitum esse– to be vexed, mortified, anxious.

nihil omnino curare– not to trouble oneself about a thing.

non laborare de aliqua re– not to trouble oneself about a thing.

aliquid me sollicitat, me sollicitum habet, mihi sollicitudini est, mihi sollicitudinem affert– something harasses me, makes me anxious.

aegritudo exest animum planeque conficit (Tusc. 3. 13. 27) – anxiety gnaws at the heart and incapacitates it.

aegritudine, curis confici– to be wasting away with grief.

aegritudine afflictum, debilitatum esse, iacēre– to be bowed down, prostrated by grief.

aegritudinem alicuius elevare– to comfort another in his trouble.

aliquem aegritudine levare– to comfort another in his trouble.

quieto, tranquillo, securo animo esse– to enjoy peace of mind.

rebus suis, sorte sua contentum esse– to be contented.

satis habeo, satis mihi est c. Inf. – I am content to…

paucis, parvo contentum esse– to be satisfied with a little.

fortunae meae me paenitet ¹⁸²– I am discontented with my lot.

non me paenitet, quantum profecerim– I am not dissatisfied with my progress.

in luctu esse (Sest. 14. 32) – to suffer affliction.

in sordibus luctuque iacēre– to be in great trouble, affliction.

mors alicuius luctum mihi attulit– some one's death has plunged me in grief.

in maximos luctus incidere– to be overwhelmed by a great affliction.

magnum luctum haurire (without ex-) – to undergo severe trouble, trials.

luctum percipere ex aliqua re– to feel sorrow about a thing.

omnem luctum plane abstergere– to banish all sad thoughts.

luctum deponere (Phil. 14. 13. 34) – to lay aside one's grief.

vel maximos luctus vetustate tollit diuturnitas (Fam. 5. 16. 5) – time assuages the most violent grief.

4. Fear – Terror – Anxiety

timorem, terrorem alicui inicere, more strongly incutere– to inspire fear, terror.

timor aliquem occupat (B. G. 1. 39) – fear comes upon some one.

in timore esse, versari– to be in fear.

in timorem venire, pervenire– to become frightened.

metus aliquem exanimat (Mil. 24. 65) – a man is paralysed with fear.

exalbescere metu– to grow pale with fear.

metu fractum et debilitatum, perculsum esse– to be completely prostrated by fear.

abicere, omittere timorem– to banish one's fears.

a metu respirare (Cluent. 70. 200) – to recover from one's fright.

ex metu se recreare, se colligere– to recover from one's fright.

respirandi spatium dare– to give time for recovery.

terror incidit alicui– terror, panic seizes some one.

terror invadit in aliquem (rarely alicui, after Livy aliquem) – terror, panic seizes some one.

in terrorem conicere aliquem– to overwhelm some one with terror.

(animo) angi (Brut. 27) – to be very uneasy; to fret.

cura sollicitat angitque aliquem– anxiety troubles and torments one.

angoribus premi– to be tormented with anxiety.

angoribus confici (Phil. 2. 15. 37) – to be worn out, almost dead with anxiety.

5. Courage – Discouragement – Pusillanimity – Pride – Arrogance – Insolence

bono animo esse– to be brave, courageous.

bonum animum habere– to be brave, courageous.

animus alicui accedit, crescit– to take courage.

animum capere, colligere– to take courage.

animum recipere (Liv. 2. 50) – to take courage again.

animo forti esse– to be brave by nature.

fortem te praebe– be brave!

alacri et erecto animo esse– to show a brisk and cheerful spirit.

animum facere, addere alicui– to succeed in encouraging a person.

animum alicuius confirmare– to strengthen, confirm a person's courage.

animum alicui augere (B. G. 7. 70) – to increase a person's courage.

animum alicuius redintegrare– to re-inspire courage.

animus frangitur, affligitur, percellitur, debilitatur– their spirits are broken.

animos militum accendere– to fire with courage.

animi cadunt– their courage is ebbing.

animo cadere, deficere– to lose courage; to despair.

animum demittere– to lose courage; to despair.

erigere alicuius animum or aliquem– to encourage a person.

excitare animum iacentem et afflictum (opp. frangere animum) – to inspire the spiritless and prostrate with new vigour.

animo esse humili, demisso (more strongly animo esse fracto, perculso et abiecto) (Att. 3. 2) – to be cast down, discouraged, in despair.

inflatum, elatum esse aliqua re– to be proud, arrogant by reason of something.

insolentia, superbia inflatum esse– to be puffed up with pride.

magnos spiritus sibi sumere (B. G. 1. 33) – to be haughty.

spiritus alicuius reprimere– to lower a person's pride.

insolentius se efferre– to behave arrogantly.

elatius se gerere– to give oneself airs.

sibi sumere aliquid (Planc. 1. 3) – to take upon oneself.

contumacius se gerere– to display a proud obstinacy.

libera contumacia Socratis (Tusc. 1. 29. 71) – the frank but defiant demeanour of Socrates (before his judges).

6. Presence of Mind – Composure – Despair

praesenti animo uti (vid. sect. VI. 8, note uti…) – to possess presence of mind.

aequo (aequissimo) animo ferre aliquid– to endure a thing with (the greatest) sang-froid.

humane, modice, moderate, sapienter, constanter ferre aliquid– to bear a thing with resignation, composure.

(animo) paratum esse ad aliquid– to be resigned to a thing.

omnia perpeti paratum esse– to be ready to endure anything.

ad omnes casus se comparare– to prepare oneself for all contingencies.

animum alicuius de statu, de gradu demovere (more strongly depellere, deturbare) – to disconcert a person.

de statu suo or mentis deici (Att. 16. 15) – to lose one's composure; to be disconcerted.

de gradu deici, ut dicitur ¹⁸³– to lose one's composure; to be disconcerted.

perturbari (animo)– to lose one's composure; to be disconcerted.

sui (mentis) compotem non esse– to lose one's head, be beside oneself.

non esse apud se ¹⁸⁴ (Plaut. Mil. 4. 8. 26) – to lose one's head, be beside oneself.

mente vix constare (Tusc. 4. 17. 39) – to compose oneself with difficulty.

animo adesse (Sull. 11. 33) – to be quite unconcerned.

ad se redire– to regain one's self-possession.

constantiam servare– to be calm, self-possessed.

mente consistere– to be calm, self-possessed.

desperare ¹⁸⁵ suis rebus– to despair of one's position.

ad (summam) desperationem pervenire, adduci (B. C. 2. 42) – to be plunged into the depths of despair.

desperatio rerum (omnium) (Catil. 2. 11. 25) – absolute despair; a hopeless situation.

quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37) – what will become of me?

actum est de me– it's all over with me; I'm a lost man.

7. Hope – Expectation

spem habere– to cherish a hope.

spe duci, niti, teneri– to cherish a hope.

magna me spes tenet (with Acc. c. Inf.) (Tusc. 1. 41. 97) – I have great hopes that…

sperare videor– I flatter myself with the hope…

bene, optime (meliora) sperare de aliquo (Nep. Milt. 1. 1) – to hope well of a person.

in spem venire, ingredi, adduci– to conceive a hope.

spem concipere animo– to conceive a hope.

spem redintegrare (B. G. 7. 25) – to revive a hope.

spem alicui facere, afferre, inicere– to inspire any one with hope.

ad spem aliquem excitare, erigere– to awaken new hope in some one.

in maximam spem aliquem adducere (Att. 2. 22. 3) – to inspire some one with the most brilliant hopes.

in meliorem spem, cogitationem aliquem inducere (Off. 2. 15. 53) – to induce some one to take a brighter view of things.

spem proponere alicui– to lead some one to expect…

spes affulget (Liv. 27. 28) – a ray of hope shines on us.

spem falsam alicui ostendere– to rouse a vain, groundless hope in some one's mind.

spem alicui adimere, tollere, auferre, eripere– to deprive a person of hope.

spem praecīdere, incidere (Liv. 2. 15) – to cut off all hope.

spem perdere– to lose hope.

spe deici, depelli, deturbari– to lose hope.

spes ad irritum cadit, ad irritum redigitur– expectation is overthrown.

spem abicere, deponere– to give up hoping.

inani, falsa spe duci, induci– to be misled by a vain hope.

spes me frustratur– hope has played me false.

spes extenuatur et evanescit– hope is vanishing by degrees.

spem alicuius fallere (Catil. 4. 11. 23) – to deceive a person's hope.

spem alicui or alicuius minuere– to weaken, diminish a person's hope.

spem alicuius confirmare– to strengthen a person in his hopes.

spem alere– to entertain a hope.

spem habere in aliquo– to set one's hope on some one.

spem suam ponere, collocare in aliquo– to set one's hope on some one.

inter spem metumque suspensum animi esse– to hover between hope and fear.

praeter spem, exspectationem– contrary to expectation.

exspectationem ¹⁸⁶ sui facere, commovere– to cause oneself to be expected.

exspectationem explere (De Or. 1. 47. 205) – to fulfil expectation.

exspectationi satisfacere, respondere– to respond to expectations.

exspectatione alicuius rei pendēre (animi) (Leg. Agr. 2. 25. 66) – to be in suspense, waiting for a thing.

exspectatione torqueri, cruciari– to suffer torments of expectation, delay.

suspenso animo exspectare aliquid– to be waiting in suspense for…

aliquem in summam exspectationem adducere (Tusc. 1. 17. 39) – to rouse a person's expectation, curiosity to the highest pitch.

8. Pity – Pardon – Want of Feeling – Cruelty

misericordiam alicui commovere– to excite some one's pity.

misericordiam alicuius concitare– to excite some one's pity.

ad misericordiam aliquem allicere, adducere, inducere– to arouse feelings of compassion in some one.

misericordia moveri, capi (De Or. 2. 47) – to be touched with pity.

misericordiam implorare– to implore a person's sympathy, pity.

indulgere vitiis alicuius– to be indulgent to a person's faults.

alicui veniam dare (alicuius rei)– to pardon some one.

omnem humanitatem exuisse, abiecisse (Lig. 5. 14) – to be quite insensible to all feelings of humanity.

omnem humanitatis sensum amisisse– to be quite insensible of all feelings to humanity.

omnis humanitatis expertem esse– to be absolutely wanting in sympathy.

omnem humanitatem ex animo exstirpare (Amic. 13. 48) – to stifle, repress all humane sentiments in one's mind.

nullam partem sensus habere– to possess not the least spark of feeling.

crudelitate uti (vid. sect. VI. 8, note uti…) – to behave with cruelty.

crudelitatem exercere in aliquo– to exercise one's cruelty on some one.

crudelitatem adhibere in aliquem– to exercise one's cruelty on some one.

animadvertere in aliquem– to inflict punishment on a person.

9. Love – Longing – Admiration – Enthusiasm

carum habere aliquem– to feel affection for a person.

in amore habere aliquem– to feel affection for a person.

amore prosequi, amplecti aliquem– to feel affection for a person.

carum esse alicui– to be dear to some one.

carum atque iucundum esse alicui– to be dear to some one.

adamasse aliquem (only in Perf. and Plup.) (Nep. Dion 2. 3) – to become devoted to some one.

aliquem toto pectore, ¹⁸⁷ ut dicitur, amare (Leg. 18. 49) – to love some one very dearly, with all one's heart.

aliquem ex animo or ex animi sententia amare (Q. Fr. 1. 1. 5) – to love deeply.

amore captum, incensum, inflammatum esse, ardere– to be fired with love.

amorem ex animo eicere– to banish love from one's mind.

mel ac deliciae alicuius (Fam. 8. 8. 1) – somebody's darling.

amores et deliciae alicuius– somebody's darling.

in amore et deliciis esse alicui (active in deliciis habere aliquem) – to be some one's favourite.

aliquem in sinu gestare (aliquis est in sinu alicuius) (Ter. Ad. 4. 5. 75) – to love and make a bosom friend of a person.

aliquis, aliquid mihi curae or cordi¹⁸⁸ est– somebody, something is never absent from my thoughts.

curae habere aliquid– to have laid something to heart; to take an interest in a thing.

nihil antiquius or prius habeo quam ut (nihil mihi antiquius or potius est, quam ut) – there is nothing I am more interested in than…

desiderio alicuius rei teneri, affici (more strongly flagrare, incensum esse) – to long for a thing, yearn for it.

desiderio exardescere– to be consumed with longing.

admirationi esse– to be admired.

admiratione affici ¹⁸⁹– to be admired.

admirationem habere (Quintil. 8. 2. 6) – to be admired.

magna est admiratio alicuius– some one is the object of much admiration.

admirationem alicui movere– to fill a person with astonishment.

admiratione incensum esse– to be fired with admiration.

admirabilia (= παράδοξα) – paradoxes; surprising things.

studio ardere alicuius or alicuius rei (De Or. 2. 1. 1) – to have enthusiasm for a person or thing.

studio alicuius rei aliquem incendere– to make some one enthusiastic for a thing.

ardor, inflammatio animi, incitatio mentis, mentis vis incitatior– enthusiasm.

ardorem animi restinguere– to damp, chill enthusiasm.

ardor animi resēdit, consedit– his enthusiasm has abated, cooled down.

10. Belief – Confidence – Loyalty – Protection – Promise – Veracity (fides, fiducia)

fidem ¹⁹⁰ habere alicui– to believe a person.

fidem alicuius rei facere alicui– to make some one believe a thing.

fidem tribuere, adiungere alicui rei– to believe in, trust in a thing.

fidem abrogare, derogare alicui– to rob a person of his credit.

fidem alicuius imminuere, infirmare (opp. confirmare) – to weaken, destroy a man's credit.

fiduciam in aliquo ponere, collocare– to put confidence in some one.

confidere alicui (but aliqua re) – to put confidence in some one.

fiduciam (alicuius rei) habere– to have great confidence in a thing.

fiducia sui (Liv. 25. 37) – self-confidence.

committere aliquid alicui or alicuius fidei– to entrust a thing to a person's good faith.

totum se committere, tradere alicui– to put oneself entirely in some one's hands.

fidem colere, servare– to preserve one's loyalty.

fidem praestare alicui– to keep faith with a person, keep one's word.

in fide manere (B. G. 7. 4. 5) – to remain loyal.

fidem laedere, violare, frangere– to break one's word.

fidem alicuius labefactare (Cluent. 60. 194) – to make a person waver in his loyalty.

de fide deducere or a fide abducere aliquem– to undermine a person's loyalty.

fide data et accepta (Sall. Iug. 81. 1) – having exchanged pledges, promises.

se conferre, se tradere, se permittere in alicuius fidem– to put oneself under some one's protection.

confugere ad aliquem, ad fidem alicuius– to flee for refuge to some one.

in fidem recipere aliquem (B. G. 2. 15. 1) – to take a person under one's protection.

fidem alicuius obsecrare, implorare– to implore some one's protection.

fidem addere alicui rei– to confirm, ratify, sanction something.

fidem publicam dare, interponere (Sall. Iug. 32. 1) – to guarantee the protection of the state; to promise a safe-conduct.

fidem dare alicui (opp. accipere) (c. Acc. c. Inf.) – to give one's word that…

fidem servare (opp. fallere) – to keep one's word (not tenere).

fidem persolvere– to fulfil a promise.

fidem (promissum) praestare– to fulfil a promise.

fidem interponere (Sall. Iug. 32. 5) – to pledge one's word to…

fidem prodere– to break one's word.

fidem frangere– to break one's word.

promisso stare– to abide by one's undertaking.

fide obstrictum teneri (Pis. 13. 29) – to be bound by one's word; to be on one's honour.

fidem facere, afferre alicui rei (opp. demere, de-, abrogare fidem) – to make a thing credible.

aliquid fidem habet (vid. also fides under sect. VII., History) – a thing finds credence, is credible.

sponsionem facere, sponsorem esse pro aliquo– to be security for some one.

praestare aliquem, aliquid, de aliqua re or Acc. c. Inf. – to be answerable for a person, a thing.

11. Suspicion – Presentiment

suspicionem movere, excitare, inicere, dare alicui– to rouse a person's suspicions.

suspicionem habere de aliquo– to suspect a person.

suspicionem alicuius rei habere– to be suspected of a thing.

suspicio (alicuius rei) cadit in aliquem, pertinet ad aliquem– a suspicion falls on some one.

aliquem in suspicionem adducere (alicui), aliquem suspectum reddere– to make a person suspected.

in suspicionem vocari, cadere– to become the object of suspicion.

in suspicionem alicui venire– to be suspected by some one.

suspicionem a se removere, depellere, propulsare (Verr. 3. 60. 140) – to clear oneself of a suspicion.

suspicionem ex animo delere– to banish all feeling of prejudice from the mind.

suspicio insidet in animo ejus– he is in a suspicious mood.

suspicio ei penitus inhaeret– he is in a suspicious mood.

suspicio tenuissima, minima– the faintest suspicion.

a suspicione alicuius rei abhorrere– to have no presentiment of a thing.

animus praesāgit malum– my mind forebodes misfortune.

animo praesagio malum– my mind forebodes misfortune.

12. Hatred – Jealousy – Envy

invisum esse alicui– to be hated by some one.

odio, invidiae esse alicui– to be hated by some one.

in invidia esse alicui– to be hated by some one.

in odio esse apud aliquem– to be hated by some one.

invidia flagrare, premi– to be detested.

in odium, in invidiam venire alicui– to incur a person's hatred.

invidiam colligere (aliqua re)– to incur a person's hatred.

alicuius odium subire, suscipere, in se convertere, sibi conflare– to incur a person's hatred.

in alicuius odium incurrere– to incur a person's hatred.

in invidiam, odium (alicuius) vocare aliquem– to make a person odious, unpopular.

in invidiam adducere aliquem– to make a person odious, unpopular.

invidiam alicui conflare (Catil. 1. 9. 23) – to make a person odious, unpopular.

invidiam, odium ex-, concitare alicui, in aliquem– to make a person odious, unpopular.

capitali odio dissidere ab aliquo (De Am. 1. 2) – to be separated by a deadly hatred.

odium explere aliqua re (Liv. 4. 32) – to glut one's hatred.

odium implacabile suscipere in aliquem– to conceive an implacable hatred against a man.

odio or invidia alicuius ardere– to be consumed with hatred.

odium inveteratum habere in aliquem (Vat. 3. 6) – to cherish an inveterate animosity against some one.

odio inflammatum, accensum esse– to be fired with a passionate hatred.

odium alicuius inflammare– to kindle hatred in a person's heart; to fill some one with hatred (not implere, vid. sect. IX. 2, note gaudio…).

odium restinguere, exstinguere– to stifle, drown one's hatred.